The Theme of Marriage in Jane Austens Pride And...

The Theme of Marriage in Jane Austens Pride And Prejudice One of the main themes in Pride And Prejudice is marriage. Throughout the novel, the author describes the various types of marriages and reasons behind them. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. The novel demonstrates how many women need to marry men they are not in love with simply in order to gain financial security. The first instance of marriage seen in the novel is that between Mr and Mrs Bennet. However it is far from perfect, with the couple barely speaking to each other. Mr Bennets extreme sarcasm that is seen throughout the book makes Mrs Bennet†¦show more content†¦For the most part, women could not acquire money on their own without inheriting or marrying into good fortune. Austen promotes gender equality throughout the novel, and considers womens inferior status to be socially unjust. Ironically, Mrs Bennets single-minded pursuit to get her daughters married tends to backfire, as her lack of social graces alienates the very people whom she tries desperately to attract. Austen uses her continually to highlight the necessity of marriage for young women. Mrs. Bennet also serves as a middle-class counterpoint to such upper-class snobs as Lady Catherine. In the 19th century it was common for women to marry purely for money and for social status, this can be seen in Charlottes marriage to Collins. Charlottes marriage to Collins injects a grim note into the comedic presence of Collins character so far. Whereas Elizabeth is an idealist who will not marry solely for money, Charlotte, lacking a fortune, finds this opportunity too good to miss. I believe that Austen is showing the reader that marrying only for physical appearance is wrong - beauty fades with time. Charlotte Lucas marries Mr. Collins for money. Charlotte accepts his proposal for the pure and disinterested desire of an establishment.Show MoreRelatedThe Theme of Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay1801 Words   |  8 PagesThe Theme of Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Marriage has been one of the main themes portrayed in Jane Austens novel of Pride and Prejudice. The author skilfully discusses, through most of her characters about the general views on marriage, the usual outcomes of marriage and most of the general problems the low class people are facing in marriage. There are four marriages in the novel and each of them differs in the way they are set out. The authorRead MoreComparative Study: Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice1502 Words   |  7 Pagesportrayed in Pride and Prejudice are creatively reshaped in Letters to Alice. The two texts, Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice, mirror and contrast the central values shared and explored by evaluating them; presenting them against Jane Austens context and that of Fay Weldon. Mirroring Austens novel, Weldon presents the central values for women such as the social values of moral behaviour, independence, and, literary values of reading and writing, from Pride and Prejudice and adapts themRead More Women and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay examples663 Words   |  3 PagesWomen and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice And they lived happily ever after... Or did they? Pride and Prejudice, a captivating novel written by Jane Austen, is the story of Elizabeth and her adventure challenging society and ending up deep in true love. Pride and Prejudice takes place in a town outside of London called Hertfordshire, where the reader follows Elizabeth, her friends, and her family as they search for love in the nineteenth century. The author writes of ElizabethsRead MoreJane Austen’s Novel Pride and Prejudice Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesencompasses the main theme of an advantageous marriage for the English novelist, Jane Austen. Her realism, biting irony and social commentary have gained her historical importance among scholars and critics (Southam). Austen’s major novels, including Pride and Prejudice, were composed between the years 1795-1815. During those twenty years England was at the height of its power facing many historical landmarks (Thomson). It is no coincidence that Jane Austenâ⠂¬â„¢s novel, Pride and Prejudice, coincides directlyRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1211 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice was greatly influenced by the time period in which it was written, This novel follows the story of Elizabeth Bennet and her sisters as they are faced with marriage proposals. The marriage and roles of women in this time period are shown throughout this story. During the time Austen was writing this novel, a woman’s role for her family changed. Daughters started to become a way for their family to achieve more money. Because their family depended on this financialRead MoreJane Austen and Her Feminism1158 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen and Her Feminism ---analyzing of feminism revealed in Pride and Prejudice Introduction It is universally acknowledged that Jane Austen was a major woman novelist in English; but it is also a truth that almost as universally ignored that Jane Austen was a feminist. By intensively reading her six novels (Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Northanger Abbey, Mansfield Park, Emma and Persuasion) and studying feminism, I have found some significant and fresh thingsRead MoreClass In Pride And Prejudice Analysis844 Words   |  4 Pagesembodies† (17). Yet, while Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice sets out to challenge societal misgivings, it also suggests hints at a reinforcement of a patriarchal and capitalistic hierarchy. Therefore, one must ask if Austen’s work is readily attempting to challenge society and transform it to match the more feminine and self-aware conceptions presented in the text through its protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet, and her experience. Ultimately, does Austen in Pride and Prejudice reinforce or challenge ‘classâ₠¬â„¢Read MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice861 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article â€Å"Pride and Prejudice - Inversion and Criticism of the Romantic Novel† written by Koh Tsin Yen, Yen thoroughly explains a deeper meaning of Pride and Prejudice from both hers and Austen’s perspective of the novel. In Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice, which takes place in the 19th century, Austen portrays marriage and social class as two themes with an extreme importance. While tying together two similar points of views, Yen also incorporates Austen s themes from her novel asRead MoreThe Austen Marriage1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe females in Pride and Prejudice have their moral values reflected in their marriage. They each have a predetermined standard – whether it is love or monetary gain, or superficial or complex – of what constitutes a marital relationship. According to Zimmerman, â€Å"the character from whose point of view much of the action is seen is Elizabeth† (67). She is either the one being married or is the one giving opinion on another’s marriage. Jane Austen utilizes Elizabeth as the crux of the plot’s movementRead MoreNorthanger Abbey as a Precursor to Pride and Prejudice Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen’s Northanger Abbey is frequently described as a novel about reading—reading novels and reading people—while Pride and Prejudice is said to be a story about love, about two people overcoming their own pride and prejudices to realize their feelings for each other. If Pride and Prejudice is indeed about how two stubborn youth have misjudged each other, then why is it that this novel is so infrequently viewed to be connected to Austen’s original novel about misjudgment and reading one’s fellows

Drugs and Homeostasis - 1668 Words

Biology 3201 STSE Drugs and Homeostasis ï ¿ ¼ Submitted To: Mr. King Submitted By: Chelsea Hamen Date Due: October 28th Understanding Concepts: 1.) Clinical Depression - is the most frequently encountered mental illness. Clinical depression is now considered a physical condition in which there is a fault in the brain chemistry. It may afflict up to 5% or more of the population. Symptoms of depression include a distinct change in mood accompanied with an extreme feeling of hopelessness. Other symptoms include: loss of appetite; weight loss; headaches; sleeplessness; loss of energy; and tiredness. Symptoms of anxiety are also quite common. Suicide is common in about 15% of depressed patients. Bipolar Disorder - is also known as manic†¦show more content†¦Rohypnol - is a drug associated with rave parties and comes from the benzodiazepine family. It is considered to be the â€Å"date rape† drug and has become famous for its use in committing sexual assault. It is often given to an unsuspecting victim by dissolving it in beverage while they are unaware. It is similar to Valium TM but has ten times its strength. In combination with alcohol, it can be deadly. Rohypnol is highly addictive and has severe withdrawal symptoms. Its use can cause deep sedation, respiratory distress, blackouts for up 24 hours, and amnesia. Ecstasy - is known as Methylene Dioxy Meth Amphetamine (MDMA) and has street names such as X, Rolls, E, Adam, Beans and Buddies. The initial use of ecstasy results in: increased heart rate; increased blood pressure; dilation of pupils and bronchi; brain stimulation; increased motor activity; tightening of jaw muscles; grinding of jaws; overheating; sweating; heat stroke; and dehydration. The long-term use of ecstasy can result in irreparable brain damage. 3.) Higher doses of designer drugs can result in paranoia, depression and violent irrational behaviour. In general, designer drugs can create a wide range of physical problems such as: hypertension; uncontrolled tremors; total paralysis; seizures; permanent drain damage; and death. 4.) Opioids - are typically used to treat pain. They can produce a feeling of euphoria by affecting regions of the brain that enable us to perceiveShow MoreRelatedRole of Gluthathione Pathway in Discovering Anticancer Compound793 Words   |  3 Pagesanticancer drug, there are several criteria we have to look into. For instance, the role of metabolism, cell environment and also protein homeostasis should be taken into account in discovering anticancer drug. To obtain the pharmacokinetic profile of an anticancer drug during the discovery process, metabolism plays a crucial role where the metabolic liability and the potential drug-drug interactions have to be determined (John Wiley and sons, 2001). Consequently, the metabolic stability of the drug hasRead MoreAspects of Stress Essays550 Words   |  3 PagesResistance Stage: This kicks in when the alarm reaction stage is at a full. The parasympathetic nervous system looks for ways to use resources more cautiously. The body attempts to recharge lost energy and set the body back into a state of homeostasis. Fight or flight is less affective now, so strategies such as denial are used instead. Exhaustion Stage: Eventually the resistances of the last two stages break down and the original states of ANS are regained (sweating, increasedRead MoreIntroduction:. Homeostasis Is The Process Of Maintaining1003 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a fairly constant interval environment. Homeostatic mechanisms help us to be independent of our external environment. It helps us regulate our body temperature, pH, concentration of dissolved substance in the body fluids, concentration of glucose in blood, concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and body fluids, blood pressure and concentration of metabolic wastes. Without it, we wouldn’t be able to survive and adapt to our environmentRead MoreThe Effect Of Prostaglandins On The Inflammation Pathway And The Mechanism Of Action Of Nsaids1412 Words   |  6 Pagesstimulus is removed, the reaction will stop and the inflammatory cells will be returned to pre-inflammatory numbers. Prostaglandins play an important role in immune reactions and are therefore often targeted by anti-inflammatory drugs, such as non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The specific role of prostaglandins and the mechanism of action of NSAIDs will be discussed (Ricciotti; FitzGerald, 2011). Figure 1. Basic diagram of acute inflammation (Reilkoff; Bucala et al., 2011) ProstaglandinsRead MoreCapture Myopathy: Syndrome within Captive Animals Essays645 Words   |  3 Pageswhite muscle disease, the muscle when used causes a change of metabolism from using oxygen to using the stored energy within the muscle. The change up allows for lactic acid to build up and make its way into the bloodstream where it changes the homeostasis of the body: the body pH and the heart output. In essence, if the heart is inefficiently pumping the correct oxygen to the muscle, the muscle will begin to deteriorate and ultimately lead to damages to the kidney and the effector organs. (2) AnimalRead MoreCoping Assignment On Coping1011 Words   |  5 Pagesstressor is an external influence that threatens to disrupt the equilibrium that is needed to maintain homeostasis† Pearson Education, 2015). In times of homeostasis we are comfortable and stable both physically and mentally. Stressors are life events, that may cause physical, mental, emotional, psychological or spiri tual stress and our body and mind â€Å"cope† to attempt to regain that stability of homeostasis Pearson Education, 2015). Both subconscious and conscious responses are used to cope with stressRead MoreThe Scientific Exploration Of Human Motivation997 Words   |  4 Pagessignaling to us we must have because food and water are essential for us to live. When our behavior is directed by means of survival this is something known as homeostasis. â€Å"According to drive theory, the body maintains a condition of homeostasis, in which any particular system is in balance or equilibrium (C.L. Hull, 1951). Any departure from homeostasis, such as depletion of nutrients or a drop in temperature, produces an aroused condition, or drive, which impels the individual to engage in appropriateRead MoreConventional Drug Delivery Systems ( Ddss )1421 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract: With the emergence of more novel and effective drug therapies, increased importance is being placed upon the methods by which these drugs are being delivered to the body. Different methodologies have been heavily investigated as possible solutions , one of these methods are intelligent or ‘Smart polymeric drug-delivery systems’. â€Å"Stimuli responsive† and â€Å"self regulating† drug delivery systems have captured the imagination of researchers, in large part because they suggest a means to mimicRead MoreViruses : The Characteristics Of Life Processes969 Words   |  4 Pagesvirus is constantly changing, it is hard to manufacture drugs and vaccines to combat it. Not all drugs and vaccines will be able to eliminate all of the virions, there will be a few remaining that have resisted the drug/vaccine and will be able to survive and infect more cells, producing more viruses. Those are the two life processes that viruses have. Viruses cannot maintain homeostasis, and this is a very important life process. Homeostasis is being able to control and monitor the internal conditionsRead MoreProteomics Essay754 Words   |  4 Pages4.2 Combination of proteomics and interactomics The study of PPI is fundamental to define the molecular networks that contribute to homeostasis of living organisms. Disruptions in protein interaction networks have been shown to cause diseases in both human and animals. For instance, PPI disturbances have been shown to be involved in cancer caused by p53 mutations [47], neurodegenerative diseases resulting from protein aggregates accumulation [48], and virus-host interactions [49]. Therefore, the

Patient Centred Care Emergency Department -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Patient Centred Care Emergency Department? Answer: Introduction: Health care can be defined as one of the most basic necessities of human life that helps support the sick and ailing of the community or society and propels them to revert back to their own healthy living conditions. Hence, there is no need for any more emphasis on the importance of the health care in the society as a social or public service. Patient centred care has been a concept in the health care that has revolutionized the care standards that is being delivered to the patients. One the major concerns that is the prime focus of a person centred care is the fact that the patients and their personal needs or preferences has to be given the most importance while planning the care and delivering it (Acn.edu.au. 2018). This essay will attempt to focus on different elements of person centred care and how the practice is influenced by the situational factors of emergency department health care setting, taking the assistance of my personal experiences in the emergency department (ED) du ring my placement program. On a more elaborative note, person centred care can be defined as the care planning and execution keeping the desires and preferences of the patient at the centre of the care program. a person centred care has to involve the patients and their family members in the process of planning, monitoring and improvising the care plans decided for the patient, and care has to be taken to involve the concept of informed consent with the patient and his or her family members (Flagg 2015). There are various elements or variables of person centred care and each of these elements has to be incorporated step by step for a person centred care to be efficient and effective. However, there are situations and scenarios where providing person centred care to the most optimal standards can become challenging, such as in emergency departments, where are there are a variety of different obstacles to providing a completely person centred care to the patients (Flagg 2010). According to the Australian college of nursing, it can be mentioned that the principles of the person centred care is critically depended on providing patient centred nursing care to the patients (Acn.edu.au. 2018). The main principles of this care standards are providing individualistic and personalized care to the patients, protecting the human dignity of the patients, respecting and acknowledging the individual rights and preferences of the patients; where they feel comfortable to shares any of their grievances and preferences with the care provider (Flagg 2015). According to the McConnell, McCance and Melby (2016), the mandatory implementation of the person centred care had the sole purpose of reinforcing humanitarian concepts of care into the whole care scenario. And it insists the health care professional to develop and follow compassionate and empathetic care philosophies in order to provide a person centred care that is effective, safe and culturally competent. According to Flagg (2015), the person centred care entails therapeutic partnership between the patients and the care provider; however, the decisive power must be at the hands of the patients or their family members. It has to be mentioned in this context, that in many cases the critically ill patients while in residential care are completely dependent on the care provider, and regardless of the severity of their health adversity, the dependence and lack of autonomy has severe negative impact on the psychological health and wellbeing of the patient. This adverse impact on their psychological health on the other hand affects their recovery pace and health in general, often worsening the situation with the agitation, irritation, and helplessness in their demeanour. Integrating person centred care in the care practice demands addressing a few key elements of person centred care. First and foremost, it has to be mentioned that the personal and cultural values and beliefs of the patient h as to be kept at the centre of the care planning and each of the voiced needs of the patients is to be taken with utmost consideration. On a more elaborative note, it can be mentioned that the patients must be at all times be notified of each of the activities that is going to be undertaken in the care procedure. According to the authors, communication, patient education and transparency in the information sharing has to be most important aspects of providing a care that is optimally person centre. Therefore, the patients and their family must at all times be informed about the continuity or changes in the care plan and the communication and patient education must be administered by the nursing professional beyond and above anything else to ensure providing patient centred care at the most (Fairbrother, Chiarella and Braithwaite 2015). However, as a graduating nurse on placement program in ED for 6 weeks, I understand that there are many situations where adhering to all of the principles and protocols of person centred care can be extremely difficult. Drawing reference from my own personal experience, while in the emergency ward I had encountered a situation where we were not able provide person centred care to the patient. In addition, the most important contributing factor behind it had been communication gap, chaotic health care setting, protocol restrictions, heavy work pressure, and time constraints are the main facilitators of the challenges (Epstein and Street 2011). On a more elaborative note, the patient had been admitted to the ED with an acute head ache and upon diagnosis, the presence of a brain tumor was diagnosed in the CT scan. In this case, the patient had to wait for a bed in a better health care setting with more specialized neurological ward, and during the entire wait period there have been no r eassurance or communication provided to either the patient or their family members. According to the registered nurse practice standards of NMBA, in all circumstances the nursing professionals are supposed to be engage in therapeutic relationship, communicating and reassuring the patient. Due the fact that the diagnosis was still preliminary and we had no inkling on how aggressive the tumor might be and what recovery chances the patient might have, we could not reassure the patient and his family (Karro, Dent and Farish 2005). Similarly, a elderly patient had been held waiting in ED for a long time while the patient had been only dehydrated and had been wanting go home. The patient was left in a state of anxiety and confusion where no effective communication and reassurance had been provided to her. This experience also indicates at the incidences that violate the most crucial practice standards of a registered nurse, developing a therapeutic relationship with the patient. As per the registered nurse practice standards, one of the most important elements of a person centred care is the communication and information sharing with the patient and their family members and having a reassuring and compassionate therapeutic relationship with that patient, which had not been addressed. Another experience that I would like to mention is the lack of privacy in the emergency departments, a patient with a cut on her finger, while she was in pain and screaming, all the other patients had been looking at her and she was embarrassed. According to the principles of patient centred care, patient privacy needs to maintained under all circumstances, and due to the extreme chaotic environment and extreme workload, even closing the curtain to make the patient feel safe and secure becomes difficult. Along with that, it also needs to be mentioned that the chaotic environment of the emergency departments dose not just contribute to the privacy infringement of the patients in the ED wards, but also contributes to the irritation and distraction to the ED nurses and affects the person centred care that the patients are to receive (Acn.edu.au. 2018). According to the principles of national health and safety quality standards, the safety and efficacy of the care can be optimal in case the patients can be involved effectively in the process of care planning and execution, hence adhering to patent centred care also enhances the safety and effectiveness of the care as well (Safetyandquality.gov.au. 2018). Now it has to be mentioned that the nurse-led-triage in the emergency departments has been associated with lack of communication, empathy and violating the person centred care practice standards by most of the authors. Patient dissatisfaction in the emergency departments has become a common concern, and the issue continues to escalate (Mller, Fridlund and Gransson 2010). The most important element associated with the dissatisfaction in the patients has been reported as the powerlessness, and anxiety that the patients and their family members feel while they are subjected to a prolonged periods of waiting in the emergency departments. The lack of adequate information exchange is another highly frequently observed issue in the emergency departments that violates the principles of person centred care and is another key source of patient dissatisfaction with the care experience received in the emergency department triage (Forsgrde, Attebring and Elmqvist 2016). I would like to include that there are a variety of different environmental factors that contribute to the dissatisfying experience that the patients received by the patients while in the emergency department. First and foremost, the acute staff shortage is one of the most important and crucial factor that not only affects the care response and approach that the patients are given but also increases the triage wait period while in the ED. In my placement program, I myself have experienced, the extreme workload, and limited time nurses are allotted to invest on a single patient based on the critically low nurse to patient ratio is the primary reason behind the violation of person centred care provided to the patient. Lastly, the lack of power on the hands of ED nurses and the protocol of the ED triage is another prime challenging factor behind the faulty person centred care provided in the emergency departments, in most cases the nurses themselves do not have enough strong information to provide to the patients and their family to reassure them. In rest of the cases, I have experienced that the nurses do not have enough time to invest on reassuring and communicating with the patients and their family members with whatever information that they might have (Safetyandquality.gov.au. 2018). In order to improve my competence and performance in better and more effective communication with the patients and proper time management, so that I can invest effectively address each and every need of my patients. Hence, I would like to enrol myself in the continuous professional development program which will help me develop my competencies and will help in general to enhance my communication and patient management skills. It has to be mentioned that the national health and safety quality standards emphasizes on addressing each of the desires of the patients optimally along with ensuring that the care provided is safe and effective. Addressing to all of the elements of person centred care delivery not only adheres to all of the registered nursing practice standards but also follows through the health and safety quality standards. Conclusion: On a concluding note, I would like to mention that there definitely are a lot of factors prevailing in the emergency department setting of a health care facility that restricts the ability for the nursing professionals to provide adequate person centred care to the patients. Any health care professional providing person centred care to the patients, must address each and every key desires, preferences, grievances, family situations, values, socio-economic circumstances, linguistic and cultural characteristics has been given the most of the importance while designing and executing the care interventions. Although, regardless of all these obstacles and challenges providing adequate person centred care to the patients is a necessity and there is need for efforts to overcome all these challenges and improve the ED triage experience that the patients get. There is need for government action to improve the ED staffing scenario and privacy requirements so that each patient can be provided a safe, private and compassionate experience while in ED. The nursing professionals will also have to invest honest efforts to improve the care approach taken to ensure optimal person centred care delivery even in emergency situations. Reference: Acn.edu.au. (2018).Australian College of Nursing | Advancing Nurse Leadership. [online] Available at: https://www.acn.edu.au [Accessed 22 Jan. 2018]. Bergman, C.L., 2012. Emergency nurses' perceived barriers to demonstrating caring when managing adult patients' pain.Journal of emergency nursing,38(3), pp.218-225. Epstein, R.M. and Street, R.L., 2011. The values and value of patient-centered care. Fairbrother, G., Chiarella, M. and Braithwaite, J., 2015. Models of care choices in todays nursing workplace: where does team nursing sit?.Australian Health Review,39(5), pp.489-493. Flagg, A.J., 2010.Patient/provider concordance: Instrument development(Doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio). Flagg, A.J., 2015. The role of patient-centered care in nursing.Nursing Clinics,50(1), pp.75-86. Forsgrde, E.S., Attebring, M.F. and Elmqvist, C., 2016. Powerlessness: Dissatisfied patients' and relatives' experience of their emergency department visit.International emergency nursing,25, pp.32-36. Karro, J., Dent, A.W. and Farish, S., 2005. Patient perceptions of privacy infringements in an emergency department.Emergency Medicine Australasia,17(2), pp.117-123. Marynowski-Traczyk, D. and Broadbent, M., 2011. What are the experiences of emergency department nurses in caring for clients with a mental illness in the emergency department?.Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal,14(3), pp.172-179. McConnell, D., McCance, T. and Melby, V., 2016. Exploring person-centredness in emergency departments: A literature review.International emergency nursing,26, pp.38-46. Mller, M., Fridlund, B. and Gransson, K., 2010. Patients conceptions of the triage encounter at the emergency department.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,24(4), pp.746-754. Rehman, S.A. and Ali, P.A., 2016. A review of factors affecting patient satisfaction with nurse led triage in emergency departments.International emergency nursing,29, pp.38-44. Safetyandquality.gov.au. (2018).Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. [online] Available at: https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au [Accessed 22 Jan. 2018].

X-ray interactions with matter Essay Example

X-ray interactions with matter Paper This document presents the interactions of x-ray with matter. It talks about the five types of x-ray interactions with matter, photoelectric absorption, compton scattering, pair production, coherent interaction, and photodisintegration. Each of this x-ray interactions are discussed in a manner that it can be understood by the general public. This document also dwells on the various exposure factors involve in radiography. It also provides a brief discussion of the attenuation that occurs when a photon travels through the matter. X-ray is a form of Photon that is created when energetic electron interacts with matter at the atomic level. Photons end their lives when they collide with electrons and transfer their energy. Like other forms of photons, x-rays possess intrinsic energy that may be imparted to the matter they interacts with. Interaction takes place as either absorption (transfer of energy from the X-ray photon to the absorbing material) or scattering (in which the X-ray photon is â€Å"redirected† by interaction with the scattering material) (Connolly, 2007). X-ray has been used extensively in medical imaging which sometimes brings wonders to a number of people of how x-rays are able to penetrate solid objects and produce images of the internal structure. Photoelectric Absorption occurs when a photon hits the atom of matter and all of its energy is transferred to the electron which is then knocked out of its orbital. The atom becomes ionized due to the loss of an electron. The photon, which is a form of energy, completely disappears as it transfers all its energy to the electron knocking it out of the orbital. We will write a custom essay sample on X-ray interactions with matter specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on X-ray interactions with matter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on X-ray interactions with matter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The electron is ejected from the atom by the transformation of energy from light to kinetic energy and begins to pass through the surrounding matter. The electron rapidly loses its energy and moves only a relatively short distance from its original location. The photons energy is, therefore, deposited in the matter close to the site of the photoelectric interaction (Sprawls, 2006). The energy transfer is a two-step process. The photoelectric interaction in which the photon transfers its energy to the electron is the first step. The depositing of the energy in the surrounding matter by the electron is the second step. The transfer of energy is depicted by figure 1 to figure 2. Figure 1. Before Collision Figure 2. After Collision Photoelectric interaction normally occurs with electrons that has relatively high binding energy. It is most probable when the electron binding energy is only slightly less than the energy of the photon. If the binding energy of the electron is greater than the photon then photoelectric interaction cannot occur. This is because the interaction can only occur if the photon has sufficient energy to knock and overcome the binding energy, thus removing the electron from the atom. Compton Effect Compton effect occurs when a photon hits the atom of matter and only a portion of its energy is transferred to the electron. The photon still leaves the vicinity of the interaction in a direction different from the original path of the photon. This is illustrated in figure 3. The atom also becomes ionized due to the loss of an electron. The Relativistic energy and momentum are conserved in this process1 and the scattered x-ray photon has less energy and therefore greater wavelength than the incident photon (Connolly, 2007). The photon that leaves the vicinity of the interaction may interact further with the nearby atoms until it looses all its energy or escapes the matter and goes outside.

Essay on Globalization and development

Essay on Globalization and development Essay on Globalization and development Essay on Globalization and developmentTo date, economic globalization has become one of the major trends in the global economy, which is manifested in the constant expansion of economic relations between states. The transnational-corporations (TNCs) play a significant role in the processes of globalization and are considered to be a critical factor in the global economy. Thus, the topic concerning the impact of economic globalization and the rise of the transnational-corporations (TNCs) on the developing world is of great interest to the study and is recognized to be very relevant.The nature of economic globalizationThe impact of economic globalization on the developing world cannot be overstated. As stated by Soomro, Nasar-ul-eman and Aziz (2012: 605) ‘the economic activity of producing goods and services and distributing them throughout world without any barriers of quotas’ is widely known as economic globalization. In fact, economic globalization is one of the regula rities of the world development that is immeasurably increased in comparison with the integration and interdependence of the economies of various countries. It ‘means change in actual flows and restrictions imposed by the regulatory institutions in the country’ (Soomro, Nasar-ul-eman and Aziz, 2012: 606). In addition, it is associated with the formation of economic space, where the branch structure, the exchange of information and technology, and the geographic distribution of productive forces are determined taking into account the global situation, and the economic ups and downs acquire a planetary scale. The growing economic globalization is reflected in a sharp increase in the magnitude of capital movements, faster rise in international trade compared to the gross domestic product (GDP), the emergence global financial markets that are open a week around the clock. Created over the last decade, information systems immeasurably strengthened the ability of financial ca pital to the rapid movement that includes, at least potentially, the capacity to destroy the sustainable economic systems.Factors driving economic globalizationScientific and technological progresses, economic liberalization (the development of the market system) and changes in the political system at the national and international scale greatly contributed to the accelerated development of the processes of economic globalization. In fact, scientific and technological progresses globalize the world economy through the development of transport, communication and information technologies. The rapid introduction of information technology played a key role in the development of technological progresses. The development ‘in the technology of transportation and communication have reduced the costs of transporting goods, services, and factors of production and of communicating economically useful knowledge and technology’ (Mussa, n.d.: para. 2). The introduction of digital pro cessing technologies and convergence (integration) of means of communications and computer technology allows us to transport huge amounts of information in the shortest possible time and at a low cost. The development of telecommunications has had a huge effect on the globalization of the production sector.Thanks to the proliferation of the Internet and communication technologies, many countries almost completely reoriented their traditional production and engineering work in the field of information technology. The development of mass media and technology’s impact on people’s mass consciousness has led to this information revolution. Information technologies give the opportunity to profoundly restrict people’s mass consciousness. Information technologies first made an impact on people’s consciousness profitable from a commercial point of view. The second factor driving economic globalization is the liberalization of the economy. It follows from the gener al ideology and practice of economic liberalism that has demonstrated efficacy in Western countries, and later in a number of new industrialized countries. The third factor driving economic globalization is the transformation of the political system on a national and international scale. Firstly, it is the democratization of the political system in most developed countries based on freedoms of human rights, stability, external openness and liberal forms of competition. Secondly, it is related to changes in the geopolitical situation in the world (the global ideological and political confrontation, the development process of political dialogue, political integration, etc.).Thirdly, strengthening the political unipolarity of the world also greatly contributed to economic globalization. Thus, economic globalization is a complex and contradictory process. On the one hand, it facilitates the economic interaction between states, creates the conditions for countries to access the advanced achievements of mankind, ensures resource savings, stimulates the world’s progress, and changes ‘the picture of World Economy, by increasing the cross-border trade, exchanges of currency, free flow of Capital, movement of people and flow of information’ (Akram, et al., 2011: 291). On the other hand, economic globalization has numerous negative consequences: strengthening the peripheral model of the economy, the loss of its resources to countries outside the ‘golden billion’, the ruin of small businesses, declining living standards, growing inequality across nations, environmental deteriorations, etc. (Singh, 2013). Hence, making the benefits of globalization available to the maximum number of people is one of the problems facing the whole world community.The rise of the transnational-corporationsThe rise of the transnational-corporations (TNCs) is a predefined process. As a result, transnational corporations (TNCs) have become a main driving force of economic globalization. Transnational corporations are ‘any enterprise that undertakes foreign direct investment, owns or controls income-gathering assets in more than one country, produces goods or services outside its country of origin, or engages in international production’ (Westaway, 2012: 65). Today, transnational-corporations are the most flexible organizations that greatly support economic globalization. Multinational corporations are a powerful economic force that binds the national economy and determines the economic development of the countries and the world as a whole. Furthermore, global, regional and intergovernmental agreements are very important elements that affect the development of corporations. The influence of transnational corporations in the global economy, regardless of their level of development increases. Indeed, foreign direct investment is an important mechanism through which savings are transferred from the advanced industrialized countries to the developing ones since they have the low savings. Transnational corporations are an important means of technology transfer and management experience in many industrial countries. Most of the countries that host corporate affiliates in its territory approve their activities and even compete with each other to attract foreign direct investments. Large company experience allows staff to organize the production and coordination of activities more effectively than, for instance, the leaders of the host country. Corporations are able to displace the domestic producers out of business. This occurs due to increased competition in the domestic market. The use of best management practices and modern technology allows a corporation to set the price lower than local firms, thereby driving them out of business. Also, the production of various goods and services from the imported component displaces the local suppliers. In addition, transnational corporations are beneficial in the fact tha t they engage the most advanced applications and technologies†¦and†¦have by far the largest geographical scale and scope in their data processing operations† (Roche, 1996: 130).Hence, it is possible to point out that activities of transnational corporations greatly support economic globalization. However, their impact on the economies of developing countries is not always positive. Currently, the elements that support the placement of multinationals are as follows: 1) expanding the market; and 2) progressive migration of capital and technology from countries with high wages to other countries that are more favorable to corporations. There are many favorable factors that have a positive impact on transnational corporations. Corporations can migrate across national borders. The process is easy in those countries where the national border management is minimal. Given the dominance of their politics, economics and technology, it is not surprising that most of the corpora tions are involved in the most serious environmental crises in the world.Countries can use special tools in order to monitor transnational corporations, to close national boundaries, or to implement the harmonization of national policies with the activities of corporations in order to support civil active groups for better living standards and environmental protection practices. Indeed, ‘greater access to developed country markets and technology transfer promised to improve productivity and increase living standards’ (Singh, 2013: 2).The main feature of TNCs is global operations. As a result, the world market is very crucial to TNCs. Therefore, the expansion of TNCs is actually performed internationally. This is explained by the fact that TNCs are actually organized based on the type of state: the distribution of goods and services are concentrated in a few hands. The essential characteristics of transnational corporations are supranational activities that have an impac t on all the quality processes in their host countries, primarily economic and political ones, which create and manage the supranational bonds and relationships. This fact allows them to follow their own economic line. A typical feature of ‘transnational economy’ is a contrast between the well-being of large TNCs and serious difficulties of the country as a whole: the unsustainable development of inflation, unemployment, etc. Hence, the economic growth of transnational corporations increases a confrontation between labor and capital.TNCs and globalization of the world economyNowadays, transnational corporations are not only understood as a platform on which the economy of developed economy is actually based, but also as a major multinational group, including many overseas branches of production, research, supply and marketing that are the main force of the world economy. In such a case, TNCs are a determining factor in deciding the fate of a country in the international system of economic relations. Active production, investment and business activities allow TNCs to perform the function of the international regulation of the production and distribution of products.The host country as a whole benefits from inward investments. The broad involvement of foreign capital flows using TNCs helps to reduce unemployment in the country. Companies that produce globally competitive products and focus mainly on exports, largely contribute to the strengthening of foreign trade positions of the whole country. Benefits that are subject to legal foreign firms are not limited by the quantitative indicators. The activities of TNCs force the local companies’ administration to make adjustments to the technological process, to spend more time on training and retraining of workers, and to pay more attention to product quality, design, and consumer properties. Also, the new technologies, new kinds of products, new management styles, using all the best practices of foreign businesses are often one of the major tools that benefit TNCs as a whole. However, it should be noted that along with the positive aspects of the functioning of TNCs in the world economy and international economic relations, there are numerous negative impacts on the economy of the countries where they operate: a) opposition to the implementation of economic policies of those states where TNCs operate, b) violation of the law of the host countries. Thus, by manipulating the transfer pricing policy, the subsidiaries of TNCs operating in different countries, skillfully evade the national norms and regulations sheltering income from taxation by transferring them from one country to another, c) the establishment of monopoly prices that are prejudicial to the interests of developing countries, and d) higher inequality (Herkenrath and Bornschier, 2003).ConclusionGlobalization as a multifactorial phenomenon is characterized by the globalization of financial markets, the internation alization of corporate strategies, the international transfer of technologies, the transformation of consumer behavior, and the internationalization of the regulatory capacity of national economies. In return, international corporations are considered to be direct participants in the entire spectrum of global economic relations. TNCs, on the one hand, are the product of the developing economic relations. However, on the other hand, they are powerful mechanisms that greatly influence the world economy. Hence, actively working on international economic relations, TNCs form new relationships in the global world.Based on the above-mentioned information, it is possible to conclude that direct international manufacturing business associations grounded on the international movement of capital flows are one of the main factors in the world economy. The rapid growth of foreign direct investment, the output process of division of labor outside the firm, industry and national borders is accomp anied by giant international scientific and industrial complexes with branches in different countries and on different continents. TNCs transform the global economy into the international production with the help of providing the acceleration of technological and scientific progresses in all its directions: product quality, production efficiency, new forms of management, enterprise management.

Chapter 4 Essays

Chapter 4 Essays Chapter 4 Paper Chapter 4 Paper Wind, H2O, Solar Energy Renewable resources are _______. replenished over short term of span Give an example of a nonrenewable resource? coal, copper, uranium, gold What are the stage of development of coal? peat, lignite, bituminous, anthrocite Placer deposits form when ______. eroded minerala settle quickly from movind H2O while less dense particles remain suspended continue to move What is a nonmetallic mineral resource? mined at a profit Give an advantage of solar energy. free non-polluting Hydroelectric power is produced by ____. falling H2O drives turbines that produce electricity What is the source of geothermal energy? harnessed by tapping natural underground reservoirs of steam and hot H2O How is tidal power harnessed? constructing a dam across mouth of a bay or estuary in coastal areas with large tidal ranges What is an example of a non-point source of fresh water pollution? What They Are: Nitrogen Oxides 14.8%, Volatile Organics 13.6%, Sulfur Oxides 16.4%,and Carbon Dioxide 49.1% Where They Come From: Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 27.3%, Industrial Process 15.0%, Solid Waste Disposal 2.5%, Miscellaneous 9.0%, and Transportation 46.2% According to Figure 4-2, what is the single largest source of air pollutants? CO One way that mining for mineral resources damages the land is by _____. Destroying Soil In which decade were the first important laws passed to decrease water pollution? 1974 The Clean Water Act is ______. Reduce point source pollution into surface H2O What is the most important law passed to deal with air pollution? Clean Air Act 1970 The fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear reactors is ______. Uranium Wind power generates ____. Noise Pollution What is the function of the atmospheres ozone layer? Sheild Earth from harmful solar radiation Fosssil fuels are _______ resources. Nonrenewable Coal,petroleum, and nautural gas are _______. Fossil Fuels A(n) _________ is a useful metallic mineralo that can be mined at a profit. Ore Winds fams are used to produce _________. Electricity The ________ Act requires industries to reduce or eliminate the release of point source pollution into surface waters. Clean H2O The nations most important air pollution law is the _______ Act. Clean Air The element ________ is used in nuclear fission to produce energy. Uranium Explain the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Renewable: Can be made in yearsNonrenewable: Can be made in millions of years Beginning with plant material, list the successive stages of coal development. Peat ; lignite ; sub-bituminous ; anthracite List two of the advantages of solar energy. saves you money, low/no maintenance List the advantafes and disadvantages of wind as a source of electricity. it saves energy but creates noise pollution Contrast point source pollution and nonpoint source pollution. point source you can find where it is, nonpoint you cant How could energy conservation help to control or decrease air, water, and land pollution? most of our energy comes from burning fossil fuels, burning fossil fuels pollutes the air by putting all soot of noxious gases in it as well as greenhouse gases which affect the climate. Chapter 4 Essays Chapter 4 Paper Chapter 4 Paper Give an example of a renewable resource . . . wind, H2O, solar energy Renewable resources are ___________________ replenished over short time span Give an example of a nonrenewable resource ? coal, cooper, unranium, gold What are the stages of development of coal ? Peat, lignite, bituminous, anthrocite Placer deposits form when ____. eroded minerals settle quickly from moving H20 while less dense particles remain suspended a cont. to move What is nonmetallic mineral resource ? mined as a point Give an advantages as solar energy . . . free non-polluting Hydroelectric power is produced by ____________. falling H20 drives tubines that produce electricity What is the source of geothermal energy ? harnesses by tapping natural underground reserooirs of stream hot H20 How is tidal power harnessed ? constructing a dam across mouth of a bay or estuary areas tidal in coastal areas w/ large tidal ranges. Fresh water is used for which of the following ? all of the above What is an example of a nonpoint source of fresh water pollution ? pesticide runoff from farm fields According to figure 4-2, what is the single largest source of air pollutants ? CO One way that mining for mineral resources damages the land is by . . . . destroying soil In which decade were the first important laws passed to decrease water pollution ? 1974 The Clean Water Act is _______. reduce point source pollution into surface H20 What is the most important law passed to deal with air pollution ? Clean Air Act 1970 The fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear reactors is ______. uronium Wind power generates what type of pollution ? noise The fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear reactors is _____________. uranium Wind power generates ____. noise pollution What is the function of the atmosphere;s ozone layer ? shields Earth from harmful solar radiation Fossil fuels are __________ resources. Nonrenewable Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are _________. fossil fuels A(n) _________ is a useful metallic mineral that can mined at a profit. ore Wind farms are used to produce _______________. electricity The __________ act requires industries to reduce or eliminate the release of point source pollution into surface waters. Clean water The nations most important air pollution law is the ___________. clean air The element ___________ is used in nuclear fission to produce energy. uranium Explain the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Short time. Millions of years

The impact of american TV series 'Gossip Girl' on young adult females Essay

The impact of american TV series 'Gossip Girl' on young adult females (consumerism, product placement, luxury lifestyle) - Essay Example The effort to induce positive perception in the consumers is so overwhelming that it has a tendency of affecting decisions of even the most knowledgeable buyers (Romeo, 2009, pp. 18-25). Television is a powerful medium that reaches billions of viewers on a daily basis (Turow, 2005, pp. 105-113). Trends introduced through this medium affect millions of young viewers on daily basis (Spalding, 2010). The same ambition is apparent inour targeted TV series Gossip Girl. The TV series is based on a best-selling series of novels written by Cecily von Ziegesar about rich families living on Upper Eastside in New York City. Although researches of Turow (2005, pp. 105-113) and Saplding (2010) illustrate how TV, especially sitcoms, affect behavior and preferences of consumers; Keum et al. (2004, pp. 372-391) present a different opinion by saying that media creates social consciousness and status consciousness which leads to spurring an awareness of the social responsibilities associated with cons uming and a pursuit of status-oriented lifestyles. This approach asserts that Gossip Girl also helped young women in becoming aware of latest fashion trends and also making informed decisions because of knowledge regarding substitutes of different products (Keum et al., 2004, pp. 372-391). Gossip Girl demonstrates lives of girls having strong liking for high-street brands which does not provide a reflection of a regular young girl. This research is intended to examine how young female adults are affected by TV shows like Gossip Girls and how the spending patterns and overall lifestyle of youth is affected by it globally (McRobbie, 2008, pp. 536-542). Similar TV series have been madewith the aim to inspire women and help them empower themselves howeverthese series have ultimately became tools of prestigious fashion brands for the purpose of targeting rather mature segment of women. Sex and the City is one of such series that transformed the fashion sense in women worldwide.Unlike regular TV series and sitcoms like Big Bang Theory having a waitress as a lead character and Two Broke Girls showing waitresses trying hard to make their ends meet, Gossip Girl has shown a diversion from regular girls’ persona to affluent and powerful outlook (Toffoletti, 2008, pp. 72-5) . Amongst young demographics, the most lucrative market segment is young, ready-to-spend, attention seeking teenage and adolescent girls (McRobbie, 2008, pp.534-37). With steady changes in consumer’s preferences, young females are always looking for the next big thing (McRobbie, 2008, pp. 534-536). It is observed that the pace of fashion brands launching new collections is much faster than it was some ten years ago. Although there can be various reasons for thatsuch as market competitionor increased consumer awareness, however, intention to capture major market share acts as a motivation for manufacturers to introduce new brands rather quickly (Hines, 20070.Surprisingly long females queue in lines to get their hands on the latest products which encourage companies to speed up their manufacturing and excessively use highly influential marketing campaigns such as ATL (above the line) and BTL (below the line) marketing techniques (Sands and Sands, 2012).In case of TV series, ATL activities are more effective as it involves use of search engines, social media and other media like TV, cinema, radio, newspaper etc. On the other hand, BTL activities include sales promotion strategies such as kiosk, email marketing etc. These techniques influence the buyer significantly and owning a product becomes a source of pride (Sands and Sands,